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New York City Draft Riots
New York Times Article July 16, 1863

          At a late hour on Tuesday night the mob, numbering 4,000 or 5,000, made an attack upon the clothing-store of Messrs. BROOKS BROTHERS, in Catharine-street, corner of Cherry. Sergeant FINNEY, of the Third Precinct, while in the discharge of his duty in endeavoring to protect the property of this establishment, was knocked down, beaten on the head and body with clubs, and afterward shot in the hand by a pistol by one of the rioters. He was subsequently conveyed to the Station-house, where his wounds were dressed. He is very severely injured, and no hopes are entertained of his recovery. Officer DANIEL FIELDS, of the same Precinct, was knocked down and brutally beaten about the head and face at the same time.

          A man named JOHN MATZEL was shot and instantly killed. It is reported that he was one of the leaders of the mob, and that the ball which pierced his heart came from a revolver in the hands of one of the officers of the law. He was in the act of entering the clothing store at the time he met his death.

          Plunder seems to have been the sole object with the marauders in their attack upon the store of the Messrs. BROOKS. The fine ready-made clothing therein was tempting. Fortunately, the Police and the employes of the establishment successfully repelled the invaders before much property had been stolen. Three or four persons, whose names could not be ascertained, lost their lives at this place, and many others were badly injured.

          An unoffending citizen named VAN R. FITCH, was quietly walking through Warren-street, about ten o'clock on Tuesday night, when he was knocked down and beaten in a shocking manner by some unknown parties. After the infliction of this outrage they left the man in the middle of the street, evidently believing him to be dead, and made good their escape. Mr. FITCH was picked up by some citizens and taken to a neighboring drug store, where his wounds were dressed. He was afterwards conveyed to his residence in Eleventh-street, in a dying condition.

          At a late hour on Tuesday night the mob made an attack upon the tenement houses, occupied by colored people, in Sullivan and Thompson streets. For three hours, and up to two o'clock yesterday morning there was what may be truly said to be a "reign of terror" throughout all that portion of the City. Several buildings were fired, and a large number of colored persons were beaten so badly that they lay insensible in the street for hours after. Two colored children at No. 59 Thompson-street were shot and instantly killed. Men, women and children, in large numbers flocked to the Eighth Precinct Station-house for protection. Over one hundred of them were there accommodated with temporary shelter.

          Late in the afternoon of Tuesday the hardware-store of AARON HAXTER, situated at No. 78 Arenue B, was attacked by the rioters. The front doors were burst open, the windows of the building were all smashed with stones and brickbats, and all the goods and valuables were taken away. The store was completely stripped, nothing of value being left.

          Prom this place the mob repaired to the lock and gunsmith store of JOHN WAGNER, No. 65 Avenue A. This was also broken open, sacked and robbed of the contests, and afterward the property was distributed among the rioters.

          Late an Tuesday night the tailoring establishment of THOMAS EGAN, on Avenue A, was forced open by the mob, the doors and windows were all destroyed, and the place completely stripped of its contents.

          In the forepart of the day on Tuesday, a colored man was set upon by a party of men and boys in Leroy-street, and beaten on the head, face and breast with large clubs, until life appeared to be extinct. They then stripped him of his raiment and left him for dead. A few citizens afterward conveyed him to the residence of a benevolent lady, where his wounds were dressed by a Surgeon, and everything possible was done to make the injured man comfortable. His injuries are so serious, however, that it is impossible for him to recover.

          A colored man, named PETER HUBSTED, 63 years of age, came to the Seventh Precinct yesterday, suffering from severe injuries received at his residence, No. 74 Roosevelt-street. His head and face were horribly mangled, and several of his ribs were broken. His house was burned down and all of his property stolen. He was conveyed to Bellevue Hospital in a dying condition.

          A colored man, named THOMAS LEWIS, aged 33 years, was conveyed to Bellevue Hospital in a dying state from the effects of a fracture of the skull and other injuries received by the mob at the corner of Market and Monroe streets.

          Officer NIXEN, of this Precinct, conveyed to Bellevue Hospital, a boy named KELLY, aged 14 years, who was shot in the lower part of the abdomen. The wound is believed to be fatal.

          The grocery-store of HENRY SCHLOE, situated on the corner of Water and Governeur streets, was attacked by the mob, late on Tuesday night. After the plunderers had robbed it of all its contents, they set it on fire. Fortunately, the flames were extinguished by the firemen before they had communicated to the adjoining buildings.

          Gov. SEYMOUR has established his Headquarters at the St. Nicholas Hotel, where Gen. WOOL resides, and he spent most of the day yesterday in consultation with the General and with the City authorities as to the speediest mode of restoring the public peace. He feels confident that the mob has no organization, and regards them as roving lands of lawless desperadoes bent on plunder. He is anxious that the people should follow the instructions set forth in his proclamation of Tuesday, and organize themselves into armed squads in their respective neighborhoods to protect their property and the peace of the City.

To the Editor of the New-York Times:

          Will you please request our citizens to use the gas as sparingly as possible for a couple of nights; our men having been taken away, the supply of gas is limited.</p> <p>Yours, &amp;c., JOS. A. SABBATON,

July 15, 1863. Engineer.

 

A boy, 11 years of age, was brought to the Station-house of this Precinct late on Tuesday night. Some citizens from the corner of Pitt and Delancey streets found him dead in the street. He had been stabbed with a bayonet in four different parts of his body. His name was subsequently ascertained to be WM. H. THOMPSON. He resided with his parents at No. 38 Sheriff-street.

          The dry goods store of Messrs. GOLDSCHMIDT &amp; SOLINGER, NO. 17 Avenue C, was broken open and sacked by a mob numbering at least a thousand, the most of whom were boys. The entire contents, valued at $40 were stolen

          The lumber-yard of OGDEN &amp; Co., corner of Avenue C and Fourteenth-street, was set on fire, and the contents, valued at $50,000, entirely destroyed.

          About midnight the mob proceeded to the Eighteenth Precinct Station house in Second-avenue and set fire to the building. The fire continued for upwards of two hours. The attack was so unexpected that no resistance could be offered with any prospect of success.

          An attempt was also made to sack the colored church in Lexington-avenue, but by the timely interference of the Police, any violence on this building was prevented.

          The Thirteenth Ward was the scene of great excitement during the night Bands of thieves, taking advantage of the occasion, joined themselves with the rioters for the purpose of plunder. They went into a lager-bier saloon, on the corner of Governeur and Division streets, and demolished the premises.

          They also demolished another lager-bier saloon in Suffolk-street, between Grand and Hester streets, and drove a number of negroes who resided in the rear of the premises into the street. The colored people, however, took timely refuge in the Tenth Ward Station-house.

          Throughout Grand-street the scene was almost all night one of intense excitement. Many of the stores were broken into, and the mob helped themselves to whatever they wanted.

          The women and children which accompanied the mob, supplied themselves freely, and then the citizens of the ward, seeing no chance of any assistance from the City authorities, although there were soldiers in the Station-house near by, straightway held a meeting and resolved to take the law into their own hands, Accordingly, about fifty citizens, armed with all conceivable weapons, attacked the party while they were pillaging the boot and shoe store corner of Grand and Pitt streets, and completely dispersed the thieves, capturing five men and one boy.

          Several of the rioters were severely wounded, but they, with the balance of their gang, made good their escape. This drama had hardly been ended, and the citizens retired to their houses, when a large military force made its apparance. Too much praise cannot be rendered to the citizens of the Thirteenth Ward for the fearless and energetic manner in which they disposed of these roeues.

          Yesterday morning the Post-Office in this City was threatened but ample means have been taken to protect -- it is strongly garrisoned, and is supplied with a neavy armament.

          A strong detachment under Capt. WILKES, acting under orders of Brig.-Gen. BROWN, were yesterday morning sent to protect the Forty-Socond-street Gashouse. Everything in that neighborhood is considered safe.

          Yesterday morning a strong mob assembled in front of the residence of Judge WHITE, of the Superior Court of this City, and commenced demonstrations of a lawless character. The Judge put out his flag, which the mob ordered him to pull in again; this was refused, and as a consequence, several windows were broken. The crowd, however, were finally arrested by the police.

          It is now ascertained that the body of Col. O'BRIEN is at the deed-house. His murderers, after beating him in the most merciless manner with stones, bars of iron, bludgeons and slung-shots, stabbed him in several parts of his body and then dragged him through the gutters by a cord around his neck, then threw him into an area way and stood guard over him. His body was at length removed and conveyed, by two priests to the dead-house at Bellevue Hospital.

          Nearly one hundred colored persons sought refuge in this Station from the infuriated mob.

          The dry goods store of Messrs. GOLDSCHMIDT &amp; SOLINGER, No. 17 Avenue C, was broken open and sacked by a mob numbering at least a thousand, the most of whom were boys. The entire contents, valued at $40,000, were stolen.

          The lumber-yard of OGDEN &amp; Co., corner of Avenue C and Fourteenth-street, was set on fire, and the contents, valued at $50,000, entirely destroyed.

          About midnight the mob proceeded to the Eighteenth Precinct Station house in Second-avenue and set fire to the building. The fire continued for upwards of two hours. The attack was so unexpected that no resistance could be offered with any prospect of success.

          An attempt was also made to sack the colored church in Lexington-avenue, but by the timely interference of the Police, any violence on this building was prevented.

          The Thirteenth Ward was the scene of great excitement during the night Bands of thieves, taking advantage of the occasion, joined themselves with the rioters for the purpose of plunder. They went into a lager-bier saloon, on the corner of Governeur and Division streets, and demolished the premises.

          They also demolished another lager-bier saloon in Suffolk-street, between Grand and Hester streets, and drove a number of negroes who resided in the rear of the premises into the street. The colored people, however, took timely refuge in the Tenth Ward Station-house.

          Throughout Grand-street the scene was almost all night one of intense excitement. Many of the stores were broken into, and the mob helped themselves to whatever they wanted.

          The women and children which accompanied the mob, supplied themselves freely, and then the citizens of the ward, seeing no chance of any assistance from the City authorities, although there were soldiers in the Station-house near by, straightway held a meeting and resolved to take the law into their own hands, Accordingly, about fifty citizens, armed with all conceivable weapons, attacked the party while they were pillaging the boot and shoe store corner of Grand and Pitt streets, and completely dispersed the thieves, capturing five men and one boy.

          Several of the rioters were severely wounded, but they, with the balance of their gang, made good their escape. This drama had hardly been ended, and the citizens retired to their houses, when a large military force made its appearance. Too much praise cannot be rendered to the citizens of the Thirteenth Ward for the fearless and energetic manner in which they disposed of these roeues.

          Yesterday morning the Post-Office in this City was threatened but ample means have been taken to protect -- it is strongly garrisoned, and is supplied with a neavy armament.

          A strong detachment under Capt. WILKES, acting under orders of Brig.-Gen. BROWN, were yesterday morning sent to protect the Forty-Second-street Gashouse. Everything in that neighborhood is considered safe.

          Yesterday morning a strong mob assembled in front of the residence of Judge WHITE, of the Superior Court of this City, and commenced demonstrations of a lawless character. The Judge put out his flag, which the mob ordered him to pull in again; this was refused, and as a consequence, several windows were broken. The crowd, however, were finally arrested by the police.

          It is now ascertained that the body of Col. O'BRIEN is at the deed-house. His murderers, after beating him in the most merciless manner with stones, bars of iron, bludgeons and slung-shots, stabbed him in several parts of his body and then dragged him through the gutters by a cord around his neck, then threw him into an area way and stood guard over him. His body was at length removed and conveyed, by two priests to the dead-house at Bellevue Hospital. He was almost naked and terribly mangled.

          There are three warehouses in the City, one in Worth-street, another in Franklin street, and another in White-street, which contain Government stores and munitions. These have been strongly guarded.

          The Old City Guard, under command of Col. BURTINETT, Capts. JONES and MCNEAL, are strongly posted in at the building in Franklin-street. Col. ROWE is in command of a strong force of regulars in Worth-street, and Col. VEQUESACK is in command of a strong force on White-street.

          These were all placed in position on Tuesday night. Assistant Provost-Marshal S.J. GLASSEY, under the direction of Gen. WOOL had the entire management and disposition of the men, and posted them to the best advantage. Everything in these quarters is quiet.

          The four Coroners of this City were very busily engaged all day yesterday in holding inquests upon the victims of the riot. Coroner NAUMANN held an inquest upon the body of MARTIN HALEY, who was shot through the heart by a pistol in the hands of a Mr. SMITH, at the shoe-store No. 159 Greenwich-street.

          Also, on the body of W.C. WILLIAMS, a book-keeper, residing at No. 87 Clinton avenue, Brooklyn. The deceased was a young married man, of very peaceable habits, and took no part in the riot. He was shot through the heart at the burning of the Armory in Second avenue and Twenty-First-street.

          The same Coroner held an inquest on the body of JANE BARBY, 10 years of age, who was killed by furniture which was thrown upon her at the burning of the Colored Orphan Asylum, in Fifth-avenue.

          Also, on the body of JULIA HENNESSEY, a married woman, aged 35 years, who was shot in her house at No. 209 East Twentieth-street. The woman had fifteen minutes before been confined with an infant. The shot passed through her heart and also killed the child, which was lying beside her.

          An inquest was held on the boy of PATRICK FLANNIGAN, who was shot in the neck. In Broadway, near Twenty-ninth street, yesterday morning.

          THOMAS RILEY came to his death from being beaten with clubs at No. 253 East Twenty-first-street. He was about forty-one years of age, and was one of the leaders in the riots of Monday and Tuesday.

          JOHN MARTIN was clubbed to death at No. 30 Hamilton-street by the mob. He was a respectable man, and took no part in the riot.

          An inquest was held upon VALENTINE HEUTTLIN, a German, aged 39 years, who was shot at the burning of the Armory in Twenty-sixth-street. He was one of the ringleaders of the riot.

          Coroners RANNEY, COLLIN and WILDEY were also engaged during the whole day in different portions of the City in holding inquests, but owing to the great number of dead, no returns had been made at the office at a late hour last evening.

          The following officers of the Twenty-fifth Precinct (Broadway Squad) were shot on Tuesday night while on duty between Ninth and Tenth avenues; ALBERT D. ROBINSON, EDWARD DIPPLE and JOHN HODGSON. They were taken to the New-York Hospital, where their wounds were dressed. They are regarded as being in a very critical condition.

          A great many erroneous reports have been circulated about the depredations committeed by the mob at Harlem. There is no truth in the report that any of the bridges there have been burned or even molested. The only damage done has been the burning of Mr. HANSIN'S factory early Tuesday morning. Small bands of the rioters, composed in great part of boys, have amused themselves by prowling about the streets shouting, singing and drinking, and a great many threats have been made, but no violent acts committed except the above. The demonstration in Harlem did not commence till Monday night, after the news of the down-town riot had got generally circulated, and by Tuesday night the citizens had fully organized themselves and were prepared to defend themselves and their property. A knowledge of this fact by the rioters probably deterred them from entering on a general system of plunder. Most of the men who joined in the prowling gangs are well known there and will brought to justice at the proper time.

          A mob, consisting of men and boys, are going around the different towns and villages in Richmond County, armed with clubs, and at every place their number is increased. They have possession of the arms that were in the Lyceum, and they say it is their intention to go to the County Jail and get a negro, who is confined there, and hang him.

          They are also going to Fort Richmond to get possession of the arms at that place; they also have several houses in view, which they intend to destroy, among them that of JOHN C. THOMPSON. A small force of military, if on hand, could easily put down this mob.

          The vicinity of Yorkville was also haunted on Tuesday night with the mob, and there being no military or police force on the spot at the time, they had undisputed sway for nearly all night. Several houses were torn down, and a vast amount of irreparable mischief perpetrated. The house of Mr. GRAY, of Yorkville, was fired no less than four times, by the maranders, and they at last succeeded in getting it in a full blaze, A reign of terror prevails among the population of this vicinity, many of them have packed up whatever of value they can carry with them in a hasty flight, and have left for the country. The upper part of the town was almost the entire night in complete possession of the mob.

          The firemen of this City deserve the heartiest thanks and gratitude at the hands of the citizens of our metropolis.

          Not withstanding the fact that they have run great risks in attempting to extinguish the conflagrations kindled by the mob, they have been fearless and prompt in the execution of their duties.

          In many places where they have been called upon to extinguish the flame of the marauders, they have met with some opposition from the crowd, yet they have persevered fearlessly in the performance of their duties, and have worked untireingly to save property from destruction.

          The citizens cannot be too grateful to this highly useful class in our community. They deserve the best thanks and gratitude of all true and law-abiding men.

          Last night the TIMES Office again presented itself in a state of the most formidable defence. It appeared able to withstand a long siege before it would surrender to the mob.

          Pursuant to the following order, Lieut. CHARLES B. SMITH took command of the defences of this building.

         

PRINTING HOUSE SQUARE, July 15, 1863.

Lieut Smith:SIR: In my absence you will attend to the defences of this post as now arranged, and are authorized to call upon the troops under command of Capt. GEEYEESON, and the Light battery for support in the event of attack.

 

(Signed,) J.W. ADAMS,

 

Col. Commanding.

 

          Lieut. SMITH had under his command about thirty regulars and one hundred and fifty volunteers; in addition to this, he had two cannon posted -- one commanding Spruce and Nassau streets, the other commanding the range of Park-place.

          Lieut. SMITH had most judiciously posted sentries along the street, from Spruce-street to Tammany Hall, and from Park Row to Nassau-street, fronting the TIMES Office.

          These were relieved about 4 o'clock this morning by fresh sentries, and the utmost good order prevailed during the entire night.

          The partial illumination of the TIMES Building on Tuesday night had the intended effect of annoying the thieves and assassins whose deeds alone beflt the darkness. Last night, therefore, for the especial benefit of the mobocracy, the illumination was repeated, but on a more extensive and splendid scale. Our front on Printing House-square not only cast bright rays far out toward Chatham and Centre streets, eliciting the admiration of all good citizens, but on the Park-row side also the immense flaming eagle, holding the fiery scroll of Union, gazed fixedly at the blazing arch of light above, that figured in jets of gold the name of the NEW-YORK TIMES. Seen from Broadway through the softening foliage of the trees in the Park, the illumination was charming enough to all who saw it, save to the scoundrels but for whose threats it would not have been made.

          The scoundrels and roughs -- the Blood Tubs and Plug Uglies of Baltimore, and the Scuvlkill Range[???]s and other rowdies of Philadelphia -- are reported to have Come to the City in large numbers, to make common cause with the Dead Rabbits, Mackere[???]villers, and other leading spirits of the riot in their work of carnage and plunder. The scoundrels cannot afford to miss this golden opportunity of indulging their brutal natures, and at the same time serving their colleagues, the Copperheads and seceah sympathizers.

          The Seventh regiment New-York National Guard arrived last evening from Harrisburgh; also the Sixty-fifth (Buffalo) regiment, with a battery. They reported to Gov. SEYMOUR. Other regiments will arrive to-day.

         

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